In which direction do PV roof panels typically face for optimal sunlight exposure?

Solar photovoltaic (PV) roof panels are optimally oriented to capture sunlight, which is crucial for their efficiency in generating electricity. In the Northern Hemisphere, south-facing panels receive the most direct sunlight throughout the day, as the sun travels from east to west in the southern part of the sky. This orientation maximizes exposure to sunlight, especially during peak hours when energy generation is highest.

In contrast, north-facing panels would receive significantly less sunlight, particularly in winter months, while east-facing panels capture morning sunlight but miss out on the stronger afternoon sun. West-facing panels benefit from afternoon light, but they typically do not accumulate energy as efficiently as south-facing systems during peak production times. Thus, south-facing is the optimal choice for PV panel installation to maximize energy generation.