What is the term for a masonry structure built on the outside surface of a wall?

A buttress is a structural element built to support or reinforce a wall, particularly in masonry construction. It is often located on the exterior surface of a wall and is designed to counteract lateral forces, such as those encountered from wind or the weight of the roof. By providing additional strength and stability, buttresses help prevent the wall from collapsing or bowing outward. This architectural feature is prominently used in Gothic cathedrals and other large masonry buildings where vertical loads and lateral forces need to be managed effectively. The design of a buttress allows it to transmit the forces down to the ground, maintaining the integrity of the structure over time. Understanding the role of buttresses is important for fire service professionals, as they can impact how fires are fought within certain types of buildings.