What type of construction relies on external bracing?

Tube construction is characterized by its reliance on external bracing for structural support. This type of construction uses a system of tubular columns and beams that create a framework around the building. The external bracing provides stability and allows for the design to be highly efficient with the use of materials while also maximizing the interior space. This approach is particularly beneficial in high-rise buildings, where stability is crucial to withstand lateral forces such as wind and seismic activity. The external bracing not only adds strength but also contributes to the aesthetic appeal of modern architecture, allowing for open and flexible interior designs.

In contrast, portal construction involves a series of rigid frames that are typically used for structures like warehouses and industrial buildings, relying primarily on the strength of the frame rather than external bracing. Frame construction is associated with the use of timber or steel frames that provide internal bracing, while panel construction typically involves pre-fabricated panels that form the walls and exterior of a building without extensive external supports. Therefore, tube construction’s defining feature of using external bracing sets it apart from these other types of construction.